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One Israeli and 205 Arabs are Dead", "A year's intel gathering yields 'alpha hits, "Death toll passes 225 in Israeli offensive on Gaza", "IDF Surprises Hamas With Largest Gaza Operation Since 1967; at Least 225 Killed", "Explanation of statistics on fatalities", "Israel/OPT: Immediate access to humanitarian workers and observers essential", "At least 205 killed as Israeli pounds Gaza", "Israeli jets kill 'at least 225' in strikes on Gaza", "Israeli troops, tanks slice deep into Gaza", "Israeli Arsenal Deployed Against Gaza During Operation Cast Lead", "Examining the Conduct of IDF Operations in Gaza", "Profile of a professor who was prepared for martyrdom", "Hardline Hamas leader killed in air strike on Gaza home", "Hamas leaders hiding in basement of Israel-built hospital in Gaza", Jihad in Palestine: Political Islam and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, "IDF phones Gaza residents to warn them of imminent strikes", "A response to a Euro-Mediterranean appeal", "Civilian casualties: Human rights groups accuse Israelis of war crimes", "Situation Report From The Humanitarian Coordinator – January 7, 2009, 1700 hours", Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, "מבצע "עופרת יצוקה": תקיפת חיל הים ברצועת עזה: כך זה נראה", "Gaza War Is Battle Lab for Joint Combat Ops", "Human Rights Watch accuses Israel over Gaza drones", "Report: Naval commando forces involved in Sudan strike", "Gaza relief boat damaged in encounter with Israeli vessel", http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Terrorism/Victims/Pages/Lutfi_Nasraladin.aspx, "Israel Enters Gaza: Negotiating with Extreme Prejudice", "Palestinians: Mother, 4 children killed in IDF Gaza offensive", "IDF enters Gaza; dozens of terrorists hurt", "Israel Lets Reporters See Devastated Gaza Site and Image of a Confident Militrary", "Thousands flee guns and shells as Israel tightens grip on Gaza", "Israeli troops and Hamas fighters clash in Gaza City", "Israeli army strikes Gaza's UN School, 40 killed: Medics", "Gaza: 3 soldiers killed, 24 injured in friendly fire incident", "Exclusive: Three Israeli Airstrikes Against Sudan", "Report: Israel carried out 3 attacks on Sudan arms smugglers", "Africa | Did Israel carry out Sudan strike? [236] Naval commandos from the elite Shayetet 13 unit were reportedly involved in the operation, which included an attack on an Iranian arms ship docking in Port Sudan.[237]. Police cadets killed in the incident included traffic police and musicians in the police orchestra. We’re run by a church, but we’re not only for church members and we’re not about converting people. [26] Two Hamas fighters were killed by an Israeli airstrike in the Southern Gaza Strip. Israeli ground troops entered Beit Lahiya and Beit Hanoun in northern Gaza in the early hours of 4 January. "[290], Human Rights Watch noted in the open letter to Ismail Haniyeh that despite his Foreign Ministry stance as part of response to the Goldstone Report, Palestinian armed groups remain responsible for firing rockets indiscriminately or deliberately at Israeli civilian objects. In one case, a Palestinian dressed in an Israeli Army uniform opened fire on a group of soldiers, but was killed before he could cause any casualties. [416] IDF sources added later that the shells had been fired to create cover to assist in the extrication of IDF troops, some of whom were wounded, from an area where Hamas held a superior position. [citation needed] The conflict ended on 18 January, when the IDF first declared a unilateral ceasefire, followed by Hamas' announcing a one-week ceasefire twelve hours later. logged you out. Hamas also claimed victory but faces the daunting challenge of rebuilding in a territory already suffering from high unemployment and a coronavirus outbreak, and from years of blockade by Egypt and Israel. [377][378] Israel was accused of having a deliberate policy of disproportionate force aimed at the civilian population. Politicians Want to End Gaza War, but Netanyahu Wants a Clear Victory . you are agreeing to our, One month free trial to the Monitor Daily, In Israel, Arabs and Jews alike recoil from mob violence, Israeli cease-fire with Hamas offers hope for calm in Gaza. The coalition also affirmed that any peace initiatives must include an end to the blockade, and an opening of all of Gaza's crossings, including the Rafah crossing with Egypt. B'Tselem wrote that its fatalities classification was based on the guidelines of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) published in June 2009. [176] After being grounded six months prior, the Israeli fleet of AH-1F Cobra helicopter gunships were rushed back into service for the operation. [246] As troops entered the narrow streets, heavy street fighting with militants ensued leaving three Israeli soldiers wounded and 30 Hamas militants dead or wounded, according to the IDF. In rebuttal, Ms Bar-Yaacov said that "The Israelis had added a condition to the tahdia (truce), being concerned that Hamas was building tunnels to go under the Israeli border and kidnap more Israeli soldiers. The British decided to withdraw on May 15, 1948, eight months to the day after they had withdrawn from India. [8] The International Red Cross said the situation was "intolerable" and a "full blown humanitarian crisis". [119] According to Mondoweiss, for the entire duration of the 2008 Hamas–Israel cease-fire – even after the Israeli raid of a Hamas tunnel on 4 November – not a single person was killed by rocket or mortar fire into Israel. Your session to The Christian An ambulance driver registered with and trained by the Palestinian Red Crescent Society spoke of Hamas' efforts to "lure the ambulances into the heart of a battle to transport fighters to safety" and the hijacking of the al-Quds Hospital's fleet of ambulances. The truce started uneasily with the UN recording seven IDF violations of the ceasefire between 20 and 26 June. [119] After the initial increase of goods allowed into Gaza to 30% of the 2007 levels, OCHAO data shows that the through-flow then fell rapidly through the September–October lull in rocket fire to below even pre-June levels. [400][401][402] Soon after the publication of the testimonies, reports implying that the testimonies were based on hearsay and not on the firsthand experience started to circulate. Residents, many of whom had lost loved ones, surveyed wrecked homes. We change lives. According to Ephraim Kam, deputy head of the Institute of National Security Studies at Tel Aviv University, the claim could not be confirmed but it strengthened the Israeli population's will to continue and undermined the confidence of Hamas in Gaza. [453] Additionally, on 3 February, blankets and food parcels were confiscated by Hamas police personnel from an UNRWA distribution center, and on 4 February, the UN Emergency Relief Coordinator demanded that the aid be returned immediately. [240] Israeli troops shot and killed Hamas commander Amir Mansi and wounded two other Hamas fighters as they operated a mortar. [176], At least 225–230 Palestinians were killed and more than 700 injured on the first day of air strikes. [188], Almost all members of Hamas' approximately 100-man strong "Iranian Unit" were killed during a battle in the Zeytoun neighborhood on 15 January. [436] The Israeli government denied it used Depleted Uranium, and the United Nations opened an investigation. [243] Israeli forces continued to push deeper into heavily populated areas around Gaza City. [105][106], Hamas called on all of Gaza's militant groups to abide by the truce, and was confident they would do so. "[298] Palestinian militants resumed rocket fire into southern Israel the following Sunday morning, four of the six fired landed in or near Sderot. Arab demonstrations took place across the country almost every day during the offensive, and were described as the "largest Arab demonstrations in Israel's history". Buhbut, Amir: "With bared teeth: Oketz dogs to catch stone throwers". Colonel Lane explained that the idea behind a Focused Lethality Munition (FLM), which is an example of a DIME munition, is that the fragments produced stay within a safety radius of about 6 meters, so anybody outside that radius is safe, while those within the area of dispersal will be affected severely. [53], Human Rights Watch stated that police are presumptively civilians but on a specific case-by-case basis can be considered valid targets if formally incorporated into the armed forces of a party to a conflict or directly participate in the hostilities. The journalists maintained that they merely stated what was already being said in the international media. [163], On 23 December, senior Hamas leader Mahmoud al-Zahar said that Hamas was willing to renew the cease-fire under the original terms, demanding an Israeli commitment to refrain from any military operation in the Strip and to keep the border crossings open. But this is our fate in this land, to remain patient.”. [425] The IDF destroyed 600–700 factories, small industries, workshops and business enterprises throughout the Gaza Strip,[426] 24 mosques, 31 security compounds, and 10 water or sewage lines. [318] In the year before the war, Hamas had fired over 3,300 rockets at Israel's Gaza periphery towns. [231] In northern Gaza City, Palestinian gunmen ambushed an Israeli patrol, killing one soldier and wounding four. [339], During the conflict, Palestinian groups fired rockets targeting Israeli civilians in the cities of Ashdod, Beersheba and Gedera placing 1/8 of the Israeli population at risk. Combat engineers that inspected the rubbles found a tunnel, cache of weapons and remains of a suicide bomber. They stated that the dead near the school included Hamas members of a rocket launching cell. After a few weeks of calm, clashes resumed. GAZA CITY, GAZA STRIP — Israel and Hamas agreed to a cease-fire Thursday, halting a bruising 11-day war that caused widespread destruction in the Gaza … [269] Ron Ben-Yishai, an Israeli military correspondent embedded with invading ground forces, stated that entire blocks of houses were booby-trapped and wired in preparation for urban confrontation with the IDF. Israel increased the severity of its blockade of Gaza during the ceasefire, drastically restricting the entry of supplies necessary for daily living and preventing exports from leaving the Strip. [184] Human rights groups critically note that the attacks began around the time children were leaving school. [130] However, during the same period several Israeli violations were reported: In South Gaza on 3 October the IDF fired on two unarmed Palestinians near the border and sent soldiers into the strip to arrest them and detain them in Israel. Sometimes, we call things ‘boring’ simply because they lie outside the box we are currently in.”. [169][170] Hamas said that it would expand the "Oil Stain" and put thousands of Israelis "under fire". [140] "The purpose of the defensive tunnels is to enable the Hamas command structure to reside safely underground while their armed forces conduct a mobile defence against Israeli forces. There were 3 people injured and tons of food and fuel intended for 750,000 Palestinian refugees were destroyed. Aid officials and the UN praised the truce, but said it was not enough as fighting usually resumed immediately following the humanitarian ceasefires. [283] A source close to Hamas described the movement's use of stealth when firing: "They fired rockets in between the houses and covered the alleys with sheets so they could set the rockets up in five minutes without the planes seeing them. Videos of an attack showed precision hits from a Typhoon stabilizing gun despite a rolling sea. Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert said "it is absolutely true that we were attacked from that place, but the consequences are very sad and we apologize for it, I don't think it should have happened and I'm very sorry." Once again, the latest round of fighting ended inconclusively. They stated that the dead near the school included Hamas members of a rocket launching cell. Both Israel and Hamas were accused of using controversial military tactics during the 2008–2009 Gaza War. [181] Israeli Foreign Minister Tzipi Livni told reporters that Israel would strike all targets associated with what she called the "illegitimate, terrorist government of Hamas". [389] On 25 March 2009, the United States-based human rights organization Human Rights Watch published a 71-page report titled "Rain of Fire, Israel's Unlawful Use of White Phosphorus in Gaza" and said that Israel's usage of the weapon was illegal. [25] One Israeli commander said that booby traps were found in a mosque and one-third of the houses. While Israel is not a party to the Protocol I, Israel accepts its provisions as reflective of customary international law.[202]. On 7 January, Israel carried out 40 airstrikes overnight. Besides the rockets fired by the Qassam Brigades of Hamas, other factions claimed responsibility for rockets fired into Israel and attacks on Israeli soldiers, including Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades (affiliated with Fatah), the Abu Ali Mustapha Brigades, the Quds Brigades and the Popular Resistance Councils. The Israelis also dropped leaflets with similar messages and contact info to report about the whereabouts of militant leaders and weapons caches. While accusing Hamas of plotting to dig a tunnel under the border, Israeli defense official was quoted in The Washington Times as separately acknowledging that Israel wanted to "send Hamas a message". [266] A Hamas fighter reported that the group had prepared a tunnel network in Gaza city that would allow Hamas to engage the IDF in urban warfare. Israel, Hamas escalate heavy fighting with no end in sight. "[54] As of 13 January 2009, Palestinian militants had launched approximately 565 rockets and 200 mortars at Israel since the beginning of the conflict, according to Israeli security sources. [225][226] IDF combat units were sent in to capture Hamas fighters, and were met with grenades and mortar fire. [471], Schools and universities in southern Israel began to close due to rocket threats on 27 December. It concluded that the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Palestinian armed groups committed war crimes and possibly crimes against humanity. [113], Pre-5 November 2008: "The ceasefire has brought enormous improvements in the quality of life in Sderot and other Israeli villages near Gaza, where before the ceasefire residents lived in fear of the next Palestinian rocket strike. [91] According to a US diplomatic cable that quoted Israeli diplomats, Israel's policy was to "keep Gaza's economy on the brink of collapse". [319], Defense analyst David Eshel stated, "The success of Operation Cast Lead in the densely populated Gaza Strip shows that an industrial military that coordinates operations among land, air and sea units, makes effective use of advanced technology, and shares intelligence and leads from the front can decisively defeat an asymmetrical enemy." [4][314][315] Al-Qassam Brigades reported in "The outcome of al-Qassam operations during the Battle of al-Furqan" they killed 102 Israeli soldiers. [160] Palestinian sources said that Hamas wanted to renew the truce, but only on improved terms – a complete opening of the border crossings with Israel, the opening of the Rafah border crossing with Egypt, a complete ban on Israeli military activity in Gaza and an extension of the truce to the West Bank as well. I was leaving the Gaza Strip to come to the UK that same night. [434][435] Lawyers who brought back soil samples from Gaza said that areas where these samples were taken contained up to 75 tons of depleted uranium. On 5 January, the IDF began operating in the densely populated urban centers of Gaza. [188] On 12 January, nearly 30 rockets and mortars were fired at Southern Israel, damaging a house in Ashkelon. [286] Bersheeba and Gedera were the farthest areas hit by rocket or mortars. The report said that the Israeli authorities had shown a lack of tolerance for protests, and had damaged the freedom of expression of those opposing the attacks on Gaza. [8] The Israeli Government report notes that while the warning systems implemented by the IDF did not eliminate all harm to civilians, they were apparently effective, because in many incidents aerial video surveillance by IDF forces confirmed the departure of numerous residents from targeted areas as a direct result of the warnings before the attacks. Gaza is in the land which was given to the tribe of Judah (Joshua 15:1-12), and one of Messiah's titles is "The Lion of the Tribe of Judah" (Revelation 5:5). Numerous small businesses suffered in decreased sales, and were unable to pay employee salaries due to low revenues. "[143] Another example is the Israeli daily Ha'aretz that wrote "(The tunnel was) dug ostensibly to facilitate the abduction of Israeli soldiers, (but the tunnel) was not a clear and present danger". Palestinians are counting the cease-fire that ended the 11-day war in Gaza as a victory. total)[18][19]Other Palestinian paramilitary forces: 10,000[20], Total killed: 13Soldiers: 10 (friendly fire: 4)[28]Civilians: 3, Militants and police officers:491* (255 police officers, 236 fighters) (PCHR),[32][33] 600* (B'Tselem),[31] 709 (IDF),[30] 600–700 (Hamas)[34] Civilians: 926 (PCHR),[32] 759 (B'Tselem),[31] 295 (IDF)[30] [80][87][88], In June 2007, following Hamas's takeover of Gaza from Fatah, Israel imposed a ground, air, and maritime blockade, and announced it would allow only humanitarian supplies into the Strip. Even though neither was included as Hamas obligations under the generally accepted terms of this truce,[104] Israel noted that rocket fire from Gaza never stopped entirely ("between June 19 and November 4, 20 rockets,[126] and 18 mortar shells[127] were fired at Israel") and that weapons smuggling was not halted,[128] Hamas, in turn, accused Israel of non-compliance with the truce by never allowing the major renewal of goods' flow into Gaza and of conducting raids that killed Hamas fighters. President Joe Biden welcomed the cease-fire. [57][73][78], Hamas refrained from firing rockets toward Israel for 14 months in accordance with the February ceasefire agreement, until IDF naval shelling hit a Gaza beach, killing seven civilians, on 10 June 2006. "[114], Hamas was careful to maintain the ceasefire. [362], After Israeli forces fired shells near a UN school in Gaza killing around 30 people, Israel's military said the shelling was in response to mortar fire from within the school and asserted that Hamas were using civilians as cover. [470] Among the buildings hit were nine educational facilities and three synagogues. He stressed that the humanitarian implications were vital in this assessment giving the example that using white phosphorus on a school yard would have different implications to its use on another area. [179][180] Another estimate puts the death toll of the police academy strike at 225 Hamas militants killed and 750 injured. Competing claims to Jerusalem, one of the most volatile issues in the decades-old conflict, have repeatedly triggered bouts of violence.The cease-fire was brokered by neighboring Egypt after the U.S. pressed Israel to wind down the offensive. Both the IDF and Treasury refused to disclose the exact amount, and the Treasury adamantly denied these figures. Hamas said it was ready for the war: "far greater than surrendering to Israeli threats and that they became much more prepared to counter Israeli aggression and to defend themselves than in the past. A cease-fireproposal was announced by the Egyptian government on 14 July, backed by Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas; the Israeli government accepted it and temporarily stopped hostilities on the morning of 15 July, but Hamas rejected it in "its current form", citing the fact Hamas has not been consulted in the formatio… [190] Among others, The IDF used the new Bull Island system for the first time to identify booby traps in buildings. Our work isn't possible without your support. [55][56][57], An Israeli ground invasion began on 3 January. Two residents of the area confirmed that a group of militants were firing mortar shells from near the school and identified two of the victims as Hamas militants. Twenty-eight Israeli families lost their homes to rocket attacks, and had to temporarily live in hotels. [499] The Foreign Press Association of Israel released a statement saying, "The unprecedented denial of access to Gaza for the world's media amounts to a severe violation of press freedom and puts the state of Israel in the company of a handful of regimes around the world which regularly keep journalists from doing their jobs."[500]. [142] Later, once a new ceasefire had been negotiated, Pastor was quoted as saying that "Hamas officials asserted, however, that the tunnel was being dug for defensive purposes, not to capture IDF personnel" and furthermore that an IDF official had confirmed that fact to him. 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