Two other amendments were also ratified, ensuring citizenship for blacks and, at least in theory, voting rights for them as well. [505] Even on the collegiate level, college football games receive millions of viewers per television broadcast; most notably the College Football Playoff, which averages 25 million viewers. Two other amendments were also ratified, ensuring citizenship for blacks and, at least in theory, voting rights for them as well. With 21.2 million people, government is the leading field of employment. They and later immigrants combined these with foods they had known, such as wheat flour,[470] beef, and milk to create a distinctive American cuisine. Over time, indigenous cultures in North America grew increasingly complex, and some, such as the pre-Columbian Mississippian culture in the southeast, developed advanced agriculture, architecture, and complex societies. ", "Active Duty Military Personnel Strengths by Regional Area and by Country (309A)", "World military expenditure grows to $1.8 trillion in 2018", "Here's how many nuclear warheads exist, and which countries own them", "U.S. Federal Law Enforcement Agencies, Who Governs & What They Do", "Violent Death Rates: The US Compared with Other High-income OECD Countries, 2010", "Global homicide rate rises for first time in more than a decade", "Nebraska's Death Penalty Repealed With Veto Override", "Maryland becomes latest U.S. state to abolish death penalty", "The NYSE Makes Stock Exchanges Around The World Look Tiny", "Largest stock exchange operators worldwide as of April 2018, by market capitalization of listed companies (in trillion U.S. dollars)", "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects", "Top Ten Countries with which the U.S. Trades", "United Nations Statistics Division—National Accounts", "Currency Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves", "Tackling income inequality The role of taxes and transfers", "In Paid Family Leave, U.S. Trails Most of the Globe", "Total Economy Database, Summary Statistics, 1995–2010", "Research and Development (R&D) Expenditures by Source and Objective: 1970 to 2004", "Britain Second in World Research Rankings", "100 Years Ago, the Dream of Icarus Became Reality", "NASA's Apollo technology has changed the history", "Celebrating July 2: 10 Days That Changed History", "The Countries With The Most Millionaires", "Understanding Poverty in the United States: Surprising Facts About America's Poor", "Human Development Index (HDI) | Human Development Reports", "Record inequality: The top 1% controls 38.6% of America's wealth", "The 3 Richest Americans Hold More Wealth Than Bottom 50% Of The Country, Study Finds", "Is it great to be a worker in the U.S.? Écris un article et gagne des cadeaux! history. By contrast, religion plays the least important role in New England and in the Western United States. Anthony Heinrich was the most prominent composer before the Civil War. For the continents, see, Indigenous peoples and pre-Columbian history, Further immigration, expansion, and industrialization, World War I, Great Depression, and World War II, *District of Columbia is a district not a state. [185] At an elevation of 20,310 feet (6,190.5 m), Alaska's Denali is the highest peak in the country and in North America. The national capital is Washington, D.C., and the most populous city is New York City. Other commonly taught languages include Latin, Japanese, American Sign Language, Italian, and Chinese. Income inequality remains at record highs however, with the top fifth of earners taking home more than half of all overall income. It is a founding member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States, NATO, and other international organizations. [452][453][454], The American Dream, or the perception that Americans enjoy high social mobility, plays a key role in attracting immigrants. [349] From 1940 until 1973, conscription was mandatory even during peacetime. [329] It works closely with fellow NATO members on military and security issues and with its neighbors through the Organization of American States and free trade agreements such as the trilateral United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement. [127] The United States and Japan then fought each other in the largest naval battle in history, the Battle of Leyte Gulf. Generation No. [475] Characteristic dishes such as apple pie, fried chicken, pizza, hamburgers, and hot dogs derive from the recipes of various immigrants. [22][23] In 1538, the Flemish cartographer Gerardus Mercator used the name "America" on his own world map, applying it to the entire Western Hemisphere. [417], After years of stagnation, median household income reached a record high in 2016 following two consecutive years of record growth. [426] In 2017, the U.S. states or territories with the lowest and highest poverty rates were New Hampshire (7.6%) and American Samoa (65%), respectively. [406][407] Americans also make up roughly half of the world's population of millionaires. [147][148] The late 1980s brought a "thaw" in relations with the Soviet Union, and its collapse in 1991 finally ended the Cold War. Aside from web portals and search engines, the most popular websites are Facebook, YouTube, Wikipedia, Yahoo!, eBay, Amazon, and Twitter. The remainder was supplied by nuclear and renewable energy sources. [113], In 1920, the women's rights movement won passage of a constitutional amendment granting women's suffrage. Aside from web portals and search engines, the most popular websites are Facebook, YouTube, Wikipedia, Yahoo!, eBay, Amazon, and Twitter. In most states, children are required to attend school from the age of six or seven (generally, kindergarten or first grade) until they turn 18 (generally bringing them through twelfth grade, the end of high school); some states allow students to leave school at 16 or 17. Parent, Marie Helene St Elizabeth Baptism 1873. and, internationally, the "States". [93] In 1869, a new Peace Policy nominally promised to protect Native Americans from abuses, avoid further war, and secure their eventual U.S. citizenship. ", "African-American Economic Gains Reversed By Great Recession", "Long Time Coming: Why Health Reform Finally Passed", "Donald Trump is elected president of the United States", "Biden defeats Trump for White House, Say's time to heal", "Trump Supporters Storm U.S. Capitol, Clash with Police", "State Area Measurements and Internal Point Coordinates—Geography—U.S. Much of the Western mountains have an alpine climate. [47] Successful English settlement of the eastern coast of North America began with the Virginia Colony in 1607 at Jamestown and with the Pilgrims' colony at Plymouth in 1620. [109] This period eventually ended with the advent of the Progressive Era, which saw significant reforms including women's suffrage, alcohol prohibition, regulation of consumer goods, and greater antitrust measures to ensure competition and attention to worker conditions. [94] With the 1860 election of Republican Abraham Lincoln, conventions in thirteen slave states declared secession and formed the Confederate States of America (the "South" or the "Confederacy"), while the federal government (the "Union") maintained that secession was illegal. The Bill of Rights, forbidding federal restriction of personal freedoms and guaranteeing a range of legal protections, was adopted in 1791. [191], The U.S. is one of 17 megadiverse countries containing a large amount of endemic species: about 17,000 species of vascular plants occur in the contiguous United States and Alaska, and more than 1,800 species of flowering plants are found in Hawaii, few of which occur on the mainland. American pop stars such as Bing Crosby, Elvis Presley, Michael Jackson and Madonna have become global celebrities,[484] as have contemporary musical artists such as Prince, Mariah Carey, Jennifer Lopez, Justin Timberlake, Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, Beyoncé, Bruno Mars, Katy Perry, Lady Gaga, Taylor Swift, and Ariana Grande.[488][importance? [24], The first documentary evidence of the phrase "United States of America" dates from a January 2, 1776 letter written by Stephen Moylan to George Washington's aide-de-camp Joseph Reed. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}40°N 100°W / 40°N 100°W / 40; -100. In the early 20th century, the automobile companies of Ransom E. Olds and Henry Ford popularized the assembly line. However, the country has received criticism in regard to inequality related to race, wealth and income, the use of capital punishment, high incarceration rates, and lack of universal health care. The United States has many private and public institutions of higher education. Taxation in the United States is based on citizenship, not residency. [440], Transport is the largest single source of greenhouse gas emissions by the United States, which are the second highest by country, exceeded only by China's. Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry were among the mid-1950s pioneers of rock and roll. Many landmarks and institutions in the Western Hemisphere bear his name, including the country of Colombia. [217], In 2017, out of the U.S. foreign-born population, some 45% (20.7 million) were naturalized citizens, 27% (12.3 million) were lawful permanent residents, 6% (2.2 million) were temporary lawful residents, and 23% (10.5 million) were unauthorized immigrants. [246] Apart from Baptists, other Protestant categories include nondenominational Protestants, Methodists, Pentecostals, unspecified Protestants, Lutherans, Presbyterians, Congregationalists, other Reformed, Episcopalians/Anglicans, Quakers, Adventists, Holiness, Christian fundamentalists, Anabaptists, Pietists, and multiple others. [402][403], The invention of the transistor in the 1950s, a key active component in practically all modern electronics, led to many technological developments and a significant expansion of the U.S. technology industry. It is a federal republic and a representative democracy "in which majority rule is tempered by minority rights protected by law. ], Hollywood, a northern district of Los Angeles, California, is one of the leaders in motion picture production. [134] American troops fought communist Chinese and North Korean forces in the Korean War of 1950–1953. [444], The United States is home to many cultures and a wide variety of ethnic groups, traditions, and values. [42][43] Douglas H. Ubelaker of the Smithsonian Institution estimated that there was a population of 92,916 in the south Atlantic states and a population of 473,616 in the Gulf states,[44] but most academics regard this figure as too low. [377] In recent years the number of executions and presence of capital punishment statute on whole has trended down nationally, with several states recently abolishing the penalty. [156] Beginning in 1994, the U.S. signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), causing trade among the U.S., Canada, and Mexico to soar. "The Unkillable Dream of the Great American Novel: "Why McDonald's in France Doesn't Feel Like Fast Food", "When Was the First Drive-Thru Restaurant Created? [88] Victory in the Mexican–American War resulted in the 1848 Mexican Cession of California and much of the present-day American Southwest, making the U.S. span the continent.[83][89]. [393][394], The United States has been a leader in technological innovation since the late 19th century and scientific research since the mid-20th century. Making up more than a third of global military spending, it is the foremost military power in the world and is a leading political, cultural, and scientific force internationally. The four major broadcast television networks are all commercial entities. [72] The colonies' distance from Britain had allowed the development of self-government, but their unprecedented success motivated British monarchs to periodically seek to reassert royal authority. [343] The total national debt of the United States was $23.201 trillion, or 107% of GDP, in the fourth quarter of 2019. Marshals Service have specialized duties, including protecting civil rights, national security and enforcing U.S. federal courts' rulings and federal laws. ], Hollywood, a northern district of Los Angeles, California, is one of the leaders in motion picture production. [382] Canada, China, Mexico, Japan, and Germany are its top trading partners. [302] The Supreme Court, led by the chief justice of the United States, has nine members, who serve for life. [336], In 2010 taxes collected by federal, state and municipal governments amounted to 24.8% of GDP. Article One protects the right to the writ of habeas corpus. [431], Personal transportation is dominated by automobiles, which operate on a network of 4 million miles (6.4 million kilometers) of public roads. From the mid-late 1800s John Philip Sousa of the late Romantic era, composed numerous military songs—particularly marches—and is regarded as one of America's greatest composers. NCHS Releases New Monthly Provisional Estimates on Drug Overdose Deaths, "U.S. life expectancy declines again, a dismal trend not seen since World War I", "US Tumbles Down the World Ratings List for Life Expectancy", "How does U.S. life expectancy compare to other countries? [435] In 2017, there were 255,009,283 non-two wheel motor vehicles, or about 910 vehicles per 1,000 people. This includes taxes on income, payroll, property, sales, imports, estates, and gifts, as well as various fees. Just over 2% of children are homeschooled. Each state holds jurisdiction over a defined geographic territory, where it shares sovereignty with the federal government. On his map, the name is shown in large letters on what would now be considered South America, in honor of Amerigo Vespucci. Russian America once spanned much of the present-day state of Alaska. African Americans constitute the nation's largest racial minority and third-largest ancestry group, and are around 13% of the total U.S. In 2010, the total U.S. trade deficit was $635 billion. The five populated but unincorporated territories of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and U.S. Virgin Islands together cover 9,185 square miles (23,789 km2). As of September 30, 2014[update], there are 15,433 licensed full-power radio stations in the U.S. according to the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC). The United States is the third-largest country, after Canada, if coastal and territorial waters are included. [255][256] Obesity rates have more than doubled in the last 30 years and are the highest in the industrialized world. [306], Citizenship is granted at birth in all states, the District of Columbia, and all major U.S. territories except American Samoa. [446][449] More recent immigration from Asia and especially Latin America has added to a cultural mix that has been described as both a homogenizing melting pot, and a heterogeneous salad bowl in which immigrants and their descendants retain distinctive cultural characteristics. The official WRA record from 1946 state it was 120,000 people. The local government's duties are commonly split between county and municipal governments. The Department of Defense administers five of the six service branches, which are made up of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, and Space Force. Other common forms are the "U.S.", the "USA", and "America". Wilfrid married Marie-Blanche (Marie-Blanche-Corinne) Morin (born Bouchard) on month day 1923, at age 22 at marriage place. [363] The United States possesses the second-largest stockpile of nuclear weapons in the world, behind Russia. [248] This was the second year that overall U.S. life expectancy rose slightly after three years of overall declines that followed decades of continuous improvement. [347] The Department of Defense also employed about 700,000 civilians, not including contractors. [285][286], The United States is a federal republic of 50 states, a federal district, five territories and several uninhabited island possessions. Joan Marie Van Cleave May 28, 1930 - April 3, 2021 Pleasanton, California. Major cities often have "alternative weeklies" to complement the mainstream daily papers, such as New York City's The Village Voice or Los Angeles' LA Weekly. 2. [413] According to the Federal Reserve, the top 1% controlled 38.6% of the country's wealth in 2016. Marie Élaine Thibert. [48][49] The continent's first elected legislative assembly, Virginia's House of Burgesses, was founded in 1619. The president and vice president are elected by the Electoral College.[312]. Rock bands such as Metallica, the Eagles, and Aerosmith are among the highest grossing in worldwide sales. Colombia is traditionally considered by the United States as its most loyal ally in South America. [181], The Rocky Mountains, west of the Great Plains, extend north to south across the country, peaking around 14,000 feet (4,300 m) in Colorado. [101], The United States fought Indian Wars west of the Mississippi River from 1810 to at least 1890.
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